Human Impact Project

A 23-year-old South American woman has been held at Richwood Correctional Center in Monroe for over a year despite an immigration judge's June 2025 ruling that she cannot be deported to her home country due to fear of torture based on her queer identity. The Trump administration has since sought to deport her to the Democratic Republic of Congo, a country where she has no connections, does not speak the language, and where LGBTQIA2S+ individuals face persecution. Her sister reports the woman has experienced physical and psychological decline during her prolonged detention.

Jose Manuel Rodriguez-Quinones, a Cuban man with prior convictions in Florida, was arrested by ICE in April 2025 and placed on a deportation flight that was diverted to a U.S. military base in Djibouti after a federal judge found it violated migrants' due process rights. The flight, carrying eight men including fellow Cuban Enrique Arias-Hierro, held them in a converted shipping container, according to court filings. On July 3, 2025, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the lower court's order, and the flight proceeded, with Rodriguez-Quinones arriving in South Sudan on July 4.

Enrique Arias-Hierro, 46, of Cuba, had been ordered removed by an immigration judge in 1999 and did not appeal. He was arrested by ICE in early May 2025 and placed on a deportation flight to South Sudan, which a federal judge initially halted, diverting the flight to a U.S. military base in Djibouti where he and other migrants were held for weeks. The U.S. Supreme Court later overturned that judge's order, and Arias-Hierro arrived in South Sudan on July 4, 2025.

Tuan Thanh Phan, a Vietnamese man ordered removed by an immigration judge in 2009, was arrested by ICE in May 2025 and placed on a deportation flight to South Sudan, part of a group of eight men sent there under the program. A federal judge had ruled that the flight violated a court order requiring migrants be given a meaningful opportunity to object to removal on safety grounds. After nearly a year in South Sudanese custody, Phan was repatriated to Vietnam on June 19, 2026, in a move coordinated by the Vietnamese government and South Sudan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation.

Nyo Myint, a man from Myanmar who lived in Lincoln, Nebraska, was taken into ICE custody in February 2025 after being released on probation in 2023, then placed on a July 2025 flight to South Sudan along with seven other men after weeks of detention at a U.S. military base in Djibouti. His former defense attorney, Nathan Sohriakoff, said Myint did not speak English, communicated through interpreters, and appeared cognitively limited but not incompetent. On February 25, 2026, U.S. District Judge Brian Murphy issued an 81-page ruling finding that the government's third-country deportation program violated due process and the Convention Against Torture, carrying out removals with less than 16 hours' notice and preventing detainees from contacting lawyers or appearing in court.

Kyaw Mya, a man from Myanmar who lived in Iowa, was arrested by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement in February 2025 after losing an appeal of a 2021 removal order. He was placed on a deportation flight to South Sudan that a federal judge later found violated a court order requiring migrants be given a meaningful opportunity to object to their removal.

Thongxay Nilakout, 48, from Laos, was released from a life sentence in 2023 after a Supreme Court ruling found mandatory life sentences for minors unconstitutional. He was arrested by immigration authorities in January 2025 and placed on a deportation flight bound for South Sudan, which a federal judge ruled violated a court order requiring a meaningful chance to contest removal; he was deported to South Sudan in July 2025 regardless, as part of a broader program sending noncitizens to countries they had no connection to. Birte Pfleger, the daughter of Gisela Pfleger, the woman Nilakout was convicted of killing, said she was never notified of his arrest or deportation despite requesting updates, and expressed discomfort with how the removal was carried out.

A Guatemalan national identified as O.C.G. who was deported to Mexico has been returned to the United States following a federal judge's order. O.C.G. had sought asylum after experiencing violence in Guatemala and during border transit. He is now in ICE custody while his case challenging third-country deportations proceeds through the courts.

A 37-year-old Guatemalan woman, identified in court papers as D.N.N., was arrested by masked ICE agents at a routine immigration check-in in Baltimore on May 7, 2025. She had previously been granted withholding of removal in 2012 after an immigration judge found she would likely face torture or persecution if returned to Guatemala, but ICE sought to deport her to Mexico as a third country. She was transferred from New Jersey to a tent facility in Texas and then to New Mexico, losing contact with her husband, young daughter, and lawyer along the way.

19-year-old Javier Salazar, a Venezuelan who came to the U.S. as an unaccompanied minor in 2022, was arrested in Maryland and detained by ICE on suspicion of gang membership based on a photo showing what may have been a toy water pistol. A Supreme Court intervention blocked his deportation to El Salvador hours before he was to be removed. His legal battle continues as the Trump administration seeks to expedite his removal.

Two hundred migrants, including 80 children from Afghanistan, Russia, Armenia, Iran, China and other Asian countries, were deported from the United States on two flights and detained at Costa Rica's CATEM immigration detention center in February 2025. Many were separated from family members still in the U.S., not informed of their deportation destination, and experienced abuse and rights violations in U.S. detention before being sent to Costa Rica.

Omar Abdulsattar Ameen, an Iraqi citizen, was deported to Rwanda in April 2025 as the first of multiple deportations to the country. Rwandan authorities have acknowledged that seven additional deportees arrived in August 2025. The identities, origins, legal status of the seven August arrivals, and Ameen's current fate are unknown. Rwanda agreed to receive up to 250 deported migrants under an agreement with the Trump administration.

Maiker Alejandro Espinoza Escalona, a plaintiff in Escalona v. Noem challenging ICE transfers to Guantánamo Bay, was held at the U.S. detention facility there from March 28 to 29, 2025 before being flown to El Salvador, where he was placed in the Terrorism Confinement Center (CECOT). His partner, Yorely Bernal Inciarte, was deported to Venezuela in April 2025 without their daughter, Maikelys Antonella Espinoza Bernal, who remains in U.S. custody under the Office of Refugee Resettlement. According to reporting by the Morning Star, Maikelys has been moved through three foster homes over the past year, with one placement changed following allegations of sexual abuse. Demonstrators in Caracas have called for her return to Venezuela.

Jerce Reyes Barrios, a 36-year-old Venezuelan soccer player and father of two, was deported to El Salvador's CECOT prison under the Trump administration's use of the Alien Enemies Act, allegedly as a member of Tren de Aragua gang. His attorney claims the deportation was wrongful, arguing the government's only evidence is a tattoo of a soccer ball with a crown (a tribute to Real Madrid) and hand gestures from old Facebook posts.

Franyeli Carolina Zambrano Manrique, 30, a Venezuelan with Temporary Protected Status, was arrested on February 8, 2025 during a traffic stop in Utah with her husband. Despite having valid TPS status, ICE officers accused them both of gang membership based on tattoos and refused to accept their denials. She was transferred to Henderson detention center in Nevada, then deported on March 15, 2025 despite a federal judge's order halting deportations. She was told she was being flown to Venezuela but was instead taken to El Salvador, where she was kept on the plane and sent back to the United States the same day. She was later deported to Venezuela on April 5, 2025, but her husband remains detained at CECOT in El Salvador.

Wilker Miguel Gutiérrez Sierra, 23, was arrested in February 2024 in Chicago on charges of attempted murder, robbery, and aggravated battery after allegedly assaulting a stranger on a train. He pleaded not guilty and was on electronic monitoring awaiting trial when ICE agents arrested him on the street in five black trucks in February 2025. Three days later he was deported to CECOT prison in El Salvador on March 15, 2025, removing him from the criminal justice system before his case could be resolved.

Gladys Yoleida Caricote Tovar, 28, a Venezuelan with Temporary Protected Status and mother of three young children, was arrested in Colorado on December 10, 2024 in front of her mother and children. Her children were placed in foster care and only returned to their grandmother weeks later. On March 15, 2025, she was deported despite a federal judge's order halting deportations. She was told she was being flown to Venezuela but was instead taken to El Salvador, where she was kept on the plane and sent back to the United States the same day. Since returning from El Salvador, she has been held in a Texas detention center where she was beaten a few days ago, covered in bruises, and is locked in solitary confinement following a panic attack.

Scarleth Rodríguez, 21, a Venezuelan with Temporary Protected Status, was arrested in August 2024 after turning herself in to border authorities and held in detention for nine months without being allowed to leave. On March 15, 2025, she was deported despite a federal judge's order halting deportations. She was told she was being flown to Venezuela but was instead taken to El Salvador, where she was kept on the plane and sent back to the United States the same day. Since returning from El Salvador, she has been held in a Texas detention center where she was recently beaten. Her mother in Venezuela had prepared a meal expecting her arrival.

Maikol Gabriel López Lizano, a Venezuelan migrant working as a mechanic in Chicago, was arrested in February 2025 on suspicion of gang membership in Tren de Aragua. He was deported on March 15, 2025, via charter plane to El Salvador under the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 without due process or the opportunity to challenge the allegation. Maikol Gabriel López Lizano, 23, was arrested in Chicago in August 2023 on misdemeanor charges for riding his bicycle on the sidewalk while drinking a beer. He was deported to CECOT prison in El Salvador on March 15, 2025, as part of the Trump administration's mass deportation of 238 Venezuelans. His partner, Cherry Flores, described his deportation as a gross injustice for such a minor offense.

Wuilliam Lozada Sanchez was deported to El Salvador's CECOT prison on March 15, 2025, under the Alien Enemies Act. He described being forced into stress positions for hours with guards watching for movement, and those unable to endure 24 hours on their knees were taken to 'the island'—a dark punishment cell with no light or ventilation where guards regularly beat detainees. He said 'the torture was never-ending.' He was released on July 18, 2025, as part of a prisoner swap.