Human Impact Project

Carlos Roberto García, 42, the former mayor of Mérida, Venezuela, now living in Butler County, Ohio, and working as an Amazon delivery driver, was detained by federal agents on January 23 during what his wife described as a routine immigration check-in. García fled Venezuela in 2017 after refusing government orders to suppress anti-Maduro protests and being removed from office and sentenced to prison by the Chavista-controlled Supreme Court; he later crossed into Texas with his family in 2022, applied for asylum, and received Temporary Protected Status along with a work permit valid through 2030. His wife, Gaby Duarte, said he has no criminal record and fears torture if returned to Venezuela, where an outstanding arrest order remains against him. His attorneys filed a habeas corpus petition seeking his release from Butler County Jail, but a February 10 hearing revealed the Department of Homeland Security is instead seeking to deport him to Ecuador, a country where his wife says he has no family, home, or support network. Duarte said, 'We are simply asking that he be allowed to defend his case where he formally requested asylum.'

ICE chartered a private Gulfstream IV jet owned by Florida property developer Gil Dezer, a Trump associate and donor, to deport Palestinian men from the United States to the West Bank. At least two deportation flights occurred on January 20-21 and February 1-2, 2026, transporting eight or more detainees from an Arizona detention facility through multiple countries (New Jersey, Ireland, Bulgaria) before reaching Tel Aviv and the West Bank. Among those deported was 24-year-old Maher Awad, a long-term green card holder who had lived in the U.S. for nearly a decade and had a newborn son in Michigan. The men were shackled throughout the multi-country journey and reported being abandoned at checkpoints with minimal resources. A joint investigation by +972 Magazine and The Guardian documented the flights, with former U.S. officials and immigration lawyers characterizing them as indicative of a shift in Trump administration deportation policy toward more aggressive mass deportation tactics.

Yadira Córdoba, a member of the Asociación Madres de Abril and mother of Orlando Córdoba, a 15-year-old killed by pro-government forces near the Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería during Nicaragua's May 30, 2018 protest march, fled Nicaragua in 2023 after facing persecution and threats. She was arrested by ICE in San Antonio, Texas while attending an immigration appointment and held in custody starting August 20, 2025; in November 2025 a judge denied her asylum claim and ordered her deported to Honduras, which twice refused to accept her. On February 5, 2026, she was deported to Mexico, where she remained in Tapachula under the supervision of Mexico's National Human Rights Commission while filing an asylum application with the Mexican Commission for Refugee Assistance (COMAR).

Harold, a 58-year-old Cuban national, was deported to Mexico in February 2026 as part of the third-country deportation program. He finds himself unable to work due to lack of documentation, unable to afford food and rent, and without clear prospects for legal status or support.

Lázara Santana, 57, migrated to the United States from Cuba at age 11. She lost her refugee status 20 years ago for selling drugs. For two decades she checked in annually with Immigration and Customs Enforcement under parole conditions and held work permits while raising her son, a U.S. Marine who served in Afghanistan and voted for Trump. In fall 2025, ICE took her into custody at a check-in and deported her to Mexico, where she was given the choice of Congo or Mexico. She now rents a shared room with money sent by her partner and fears leaving her house.

Mauricio De Leon, 50, was born in Guatemala and taken to the United States by his mother at age one. He grew up in the foster system in Long Beach after his mother lost custody. Given a deportation order in 2007 after serving time for drug trafficking, he was deported to Mexico last year. Mexico attempted to return him to Guatemala, but Guatemala said it had no record of him, leaving him essentially stateless. He survives on savings from his work as a truck driver in California.

Ricardo del Pino Olivera, 67, was deported from the United States to Mexico on July 3, 2025 after serving a 17-year sentence. He applied for refugee status on July 31 but struggled to find formal employment or access services. After the Amparito shelter in Villahermosa advocated on his behalf, he received some medical treatment but was repeatedly hospitalized beginning December 12. He was severely malnourished and remained without legal documentation. Ricardo died on February 21, 2026. His death certificate listed his nationality as "unknown."

Luis René Lemus, 59, a Cuban with Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia, was deported to Mexico where he has struggled to procure needed medication. He is among elderly and infirm Cubans sent to Villahermosa under the third-country deportation program.

Ricardo Pérez, 67, a Cuban, was pushed across the U.S. border by immigration agents while in a wheelchair and deported to Mexico. He arrived at a Catholic shelter in Villahermosa among many elderly Cubans with health problems, where he struggles to access care and necessities.

Roberto, a Cuban man, was deported to Mexico in mid-February 2026 after being detained at an immigration appointment where he was informed his I-220A form was invalid. He was held for three weeks before being transferred to Tapachula without money, identification, or communication access. His U.S. citizen fiancée in Michigan eventually reconnected with him and traveled to deliver documents so they could marry. Roberto now works as a barber in Cancún while awaiting a spousal visa determination.

Farah, a 21-year-old gay woman from Morocco, fled her country in early 2025 after her family attacked her for her sexual orientation and sought asylum in the United States. She was detained for nearly a year while her asylum claim was processed. In August 2025, an immigration judge issued a federal protection order prohibiting her deportation to Morocco due to danger to her life. However, three days before a scheduled hearing on her release, ICE agents detained her and placed her on a flight to Cameroon—a country where homosexuality is criminalized and where she had never lived. After she refused to remain in Cameroon, she was flown to Morocco, where she is now in hiding. She is among dozens of migrants reportedly deported to third countries by the Trump administration despite holding judicial protection orders.

Darwin Maldonado left Honduras at eight years old to join his mother in the United States, where he raised four daughters in Southern California. In late January 2026 he was forced onto a bus at the Nogales port of entry alongside about 40 other detainees, many of whom had been held for nearly a week in overcrowded hangars at Arizona's Mesa Gateway airport without being allowed to shower. After two nights and three days on the road, the bus arrived at Tapachula's Siglo XXI migration center on January 28, where deportees were handed a document giving them ten days to seek refugee status or leave Mexico, then told to "figure it out." Maldonado and Venezuelan journalist Roberto Betancourt, who had sat beside him on the bus sharing stories about their children, split the cost of a cheap hotel room.

Roberto Betancourt, a Venezuelan journalist who fled to Miami with his wife in 2014 after years of armed attacks and death threats from pro-government colectivos over his political reporting, produced political analysis of Latin America in the U.S. alongside exiled journalist Patricia Poleo. An immigration judge granted him deferral of removal under the Convention Against Torture in 2024, barring his return to Venezuela. Under a February 2025 DHS directive to re-detain people with CAT protections for third-country removal, ICE took him into custody on July 14, 2025, and over six months transferred him between 12 detention facilities, holding him in shackles for up to 25 hours and in rooms so cramped detainees took turns lying down. Agents tried to push him across the border at Tijuana in December 2025, then tried to force him onto a plane to Venezuela at Arizona's Mesa Gateway airport until a U.S. Marshal intervened. On January 26, 2026, four armed agents at the Nogales port of entry told him "they'll deport you with punches if it's necessary"; he refused to sign the removal notice but was forced onto a Mexican bus and arrived at Tapachula's Siglo XXI migration center on January 28, where deportees were given ten days to seek refugee status or leave Mexico. He later won permission to travel to Mexico City, where he applied for refugee status and launched a sports journalism platform while his wife, seven-year-old son, and ten-year-old daughter remain in Miami. As of September 2026, he remains in Mexico still awaiting resolution of his case, which is among roughly 20,000 third-country removals to Mexico carried out under the policy. "I need to find a way to guarantee stability for my family, for my kids," he said.

Carlos, a Venezuelan national with withholding of removal and work authorization, was detained on January 28, 2026, during a routine monthly check-in at the Kansas City ICE office where he was required to report under the Intensive Supervision Appearance Program. Despite his judge-approved protection, valid work authorization, clean six-year record, and pending permanent legal status applications with his wife, ICE detained him. After a chaotic series of transfers across Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, and Arizona—during which he was held in overcrowded conditions—Carlos was deported to Mexico on a tarmac in Arizona, where he remains separated from his wife and children.

Soraya, a pseudonym for a Ghanaian woman, fled to the United States in 2024 after her family discovered her sexual orientation and people sought to harm her. She was granted a US withholding of removal, a protection measure meant to prevent her from being sent back to a country where she would face persecution, but was deported to Cameroon on January 15, 2026, alongside two other Ghanaian LGBTQ+ women, on the first flight of third-country removals. She and others described being shackled during the journey, with one saying, "I felt like a terrorist because what on earth did I do to be shackled like that." The deportees were held for about two months at a government compound in Yaounde and only allowed to leave after staging a hunger strike; they must now return to the compound by sundown and are barred from working while their asylum applications in Cameroon remain pending. Their lawyer, Fru Joseph, has raised concerns that the women face a heightened risk of persecution in a country they have no ties to.

A 26-year-old woman from the Democratic Republic of the Congo with a court-granted protection order preventing deportation was removed to Cameroon in mid-January 2026 after spending a year in ICE detention. She had fled her country after being raped by police and mistaken for a Rwandan during armed conflict.

A stateless man from Angola who had lived in the United States for 30 years was deported to Cameroon in mid-January 2026 despite holding legal asylum protections, removed without notice or due process. His removal was part of a secret December 2025 agreement between the Trump administration and Cameroon's government to accept deportees with no ties to the country. Between January and May 2026, four flights carried 36 people from Angola and nine other countries to Cameroon, most of whom had been granted protection from removal by U.S. immigration courts due to risk of persecution or torture. Two days before the first flight, the U.S. State Department announced a $30 million payment to the UN refugee program in Cameroon.

A nurse from Zimbabwe who had lived in the United States for 15 years and held legal asylum protections was deported to Cameroon in mid-January 2026 without notice. She was held in detention in Yaoundé under poor conditions with inadequate food and no legal documentation.

A 20-year-old student from Ghana with legal asylum protections was deported to Cameroon in mid-January 2026 as part of a secret third-country removal program. She was transferred in handcuffs and shackles and held in detention in Yaoundé without documentation or due process. Her removal was part of an undisclosed U.S.-Cameroon agreement under which 36 people from at least ten countries, many holding U.S. court protections against return to their home countries, were flown to Cameroon on four flights between January and May 2026. The arrangement coincided with a $30 million U.S. payment to the UN refugee program in Cameroon, announced two days before the first flight.

Farah, a 21-year-old gay Moroccan woman granted protection from removal by a U.S. immigration judge in August 2025, was deported by U.S. authorities to Cameroon in January 2026 without due process, then sent to Morocco after refusing to stay there. She had fled Morocco with her partner after her family discovered their relationship and allegedly attempted to kill her, traveling through six countries before reaching the U.S. border to seek asylum. Before her deportation, she spent nearly a year in ICE detention in Arizona and Louisiana, describing harsh conditions including extreme cold, thin blankets and inadequate medical care; her partner, denied both asylum and a protection order, was deported separately. She is now living in hiding in Morocco, fearing her family will track her down again.