Miguel Silvestre, a U.S. citizen born in Stockton, California, says he has been deported four times since 1999 despite holding a valid birth certificate proving his citizenship. In 2025, ICE issued an expedited removal order against him, even though a 2004 court order had already confirmed his U.S. citizenship status. After the San Francisco Chronicle reported his account, including his emotional distress upon learning of the recent deportation notice, the Department of Homeland Security stated Silvestre has no active immigration case and is not subject to ICE enforcement action. DHS maintains that in 1999 Silvestre had claimed to be a Mexican citizen with no legal status.